Sifundvo Sekubalwa Kwesikhatsi Lisabatha NgekweliBhayibheli
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LiSabatha Licala Nini Mbambambamba?
LiSabatha lilanga lesikhombisa lelibusisekile futsi lelingcwelisiwe nguNkulunkulu. Emakholwa akaligcini liSabatha kute atfole insindziso.
Kunaloko, ngaphansi kwemusa, bakhumbula imisebenti lemikhulu yaNkulunkulu yekudala nekuhlenga futsi balindzele kuphumula kwaphakadze lokutako.
Lamuhla, kunemibono leminyenti leyehlukene mayelana nekutsi liSabatha licala nini futsi liphela nini.
Labanye balandzela emasiko emaJuda kamuva futsi bagubha liSabatha kusukela ekushoneni kwelilanga ngaLesihlanu kuya ekushoneni kwelilanga ngeMgcibelo.
Labanye bayibala ngekubuka sikhatsi sekushona kwelilanga sasendzaweni nobe kubukeka kwetinkhanyeti.
Labanye balandzela ikhalenda yesive yalamuhla futsi basebentisa ekhatsi nalamabili njengemncele welilanga, lokusho kutsi, liphuzu lelihlukanisako emkhatsini welilanga linye nalelilandzelako.
Labanye, labasekelwe etincenyeni letehlukahlukene telibhayibheli, bakholelwa kutsi lilanga leliphelele licala emini, lichubeke kuze kube kusihlwa nasebusuku, bese liphela nakucala lilanga lelilandzelako.
Ngekusho kwalokucondza, liSabatha lelilanga lesikhombisa belitawucala ngeMgcibelo emini bese liphela ekucaleni kweLisontfo emini.
Lolucwaningo luhlola kutsi ngabe lombono wekugcina unekusekelwa libhayibheli kanye nemlandvo.
1. “Lilanga” Lakhiwa Njani KuGenesisi?
Genesisi 1:3–5 ubhala kutsi:
Nkulunkulu watsi: “Akube nekukhanya,” kwaba nekukhanya. Nkulunkulu wabona kutsi kukhanya kukuhle, wase wehlukanisa kukhanya nebumnyama. Nkulunkulu wabita kukhanya ngekutsi Lilanga, bumnyama wabita ngekutsi Busuku. Kwahlwa, kwasa: Kwaba lilanga lekucala.
Kuvame kucatjangwa kutsi ngenca yekutsi lombhalo utsi, “kwahlwa, kwasa,” ngako-ke lilanga kufanele licale kusihlwa.
Nanobe kunjalo, kufundza ngekucophelela kulandzelana kwelilanga lekucala kuGenesisi kuvumela lokunye lokungenteka.
Ekucaleni kwekudala, umhlaba bewute simo futsi ungenalutfo, bumnyama bebusebusweni bekujula. Bumnyama bebuvele bukhona, kodvwa kukhanya Nkulunkulu lakudala futsi wakwehlukanisa bekungakaveli. Nkulunkulu watsi, “Akube nekukhanya,” futsi kwaba khona lapho kukhanya khona. Nkulunkulu wabese wehlukanisa kukhanya nebumnyama, wabita kukhanya ngekutsi “Lilanga” bese bumnyama babita ngekutsi “Busuku.”
Ngako-ke, kulandzelana kwangempela kwelilanga lekucala kungacondzakala ngekutsi:
Bumnyama bekucala → Nkulunkulu udala kukhanya → Lilanga → Kusihlwa → Busuku → Ekuseni → Lilanga lekucala liphelile
Loku akufani ncamashi nekutsi lilanga ngokwalo lacala ngekuhlwa.
“Ntsambama” kugucuka lapho kukhanya kwemini kufika khona bese kucala busuku, kantsi “ekuseni” kugucuka lapho busuku buphela bese kukhanya kwemini kucala futsi.
Ngako-ke, sitatimende lesitsi:
“Kwahlwa, kwasa, kwaba lilanga lekucala” .
kungaphindze kucondvwe kutsi kusho kutsi lilanga lekudala leliphelele belidlula ekukhanyeni kwemini, kusihlwa, nebusuku kwaze kwafika ekuseni. Ngaleso sikhatsi lilanga lekucala laphela futsi lilanga lelilandzelako lacala.
Ngako-ke kusukela ngelilanga lesibili kuya embili, lilanga lingamelelwa ngekutsi:
Kukhanya kwemini → Kusihlwa → Busuku → Ekuseni
Lokusho kutsi lilanga licala ekuseni ngasekukhanyeni kwelilanga bese liphela ekuseni ngelilanga lelilandzelako.
Lenchazelo akusiyo nje umcondvo wesimanje. Letinye tati temaJuda neteliBhayibheli titsi kungenteka ekucaleni ema-Israyeli asendvulo bekasebentisa indlela yekubala lilanga kusukela ekuseni kuya ekuseni.
2. Lilanga Lekubuyisana: “Kusukela Kusihlwa Kuya Kusihlwa” Kubalwa Lokuvamile Kwelilanga, Nobe KunguMkhosi Lokhetsekile?
UmBhalo waLevithikhusi 23:27 utsi:
Ngelilanga lelishumi kulenyanga yesikhombisa kuyawuba neLilanga Lekubuyisana.
Nobe kunjalo Levithikhusi 23:32 uniketa umyalo lokhetsekile:
Kusukela kusihlwa ngelilanga lesimfica kulenyanga kuze kube kusihlwa ngakusasa, niyawuligcina liSabatha lenu.
Lesi sigaba sibaluleke kakhulu.
Nangabe “kusihlwa kwelilanga lesishiyagalolunye” bekuvele kucala kwelilanga lelishumi, kungani lombhalo usakubita ngekutsi:
kusihlwa ngelilanga lesishiyagalolunye .
kunekutsi “kusihlwa ngelilanga lelishumi”?
Lokunye lokungenteka kutsi kucondvwe kutsi umncele welusuku lowetayelekile bewuhlala ekuseni, kantsi kuzila kudla lokukhetsekile nekutitfoba lokudzingekako kweLilanga Lekubuyisana kwacala ekuseni kakhulu, kusihlwa ngelilanga lesishiyagalolunye, futsi kwachubeka kwaze kwaba kusihlwa ngelilanga lelishumi.
Ngaleyo ndlela:
Emini yemhlaka 9 → Kusihlwa kwemhlaka 9 [kuzila kuyacala] → Emini kwemhlaka 10 [Lilanga Lekubuyisana] → Kusihlwa kwemhlaka 10 [kuzila kuyaphela].
Ngekusho kwalokucondza, “kusihlwa kuya kusihlwa” kuchaza kutsi:
sikhatsi lesikhetsekile sekugujwa kweLilanga Lekubuyisana .
kunekutsi kuchazwe ngalokucinisekile:
umncele welilanga wawo onkhe emalanga
Lomehluko ubalulekile.
LiBhayibheli alisho kutsi:
“Onkhe emaSabatha kufanele agcinwe kusukela kusihlwa kuze kube kusihlwa.”
Levithikhusi 23:32 uphatselene ngalokucondzile neLilanga Lekubuyisana, leliphindze libe nemyalo lohlukile wekutitfoba.
Ngako-ke, kwelula lelivesi libe ngumtsetfo wemhlaba wonkhe weSabatha njalo ngeliviki kudzinga kusekelwa lokungetiwe kwelibhayibheli.
3. Budlelwane Emkhatsini “Walelo Langa” Nekusa “Ekuseni”
Tincenye letinyenti teMtsetfo waMosi tiyaphawuleka kakhulu.
Levithikhusi 7:15 utsi lenyama yemnikelo wekubonga kufanele idliwe ngelilanga lekunikelwa ngalo futsi akukafaneli ishiywe kuze kuse.
Levithikhusi 22:30 uphindze atsi:
Kufanele kudliwe ngalelo langa; ningashiyi ngisho nakunye kwako kuze kuse.
Dutheronomi 21:23 naye uyala kutsi:
Sidvumbu sakhe angeke sihlale busuku bonkhe etikwalesihlahla, kodvwa uyawusimngcwaba ngalelo langa.
Letincenye ngekwemvelo tetfula kulandzelana:
Ngalelo langa → Kusihlwa → Busuku → Ekuseni
Tiveta kutsi kusihlwa nebusuku kusakwalelo langa, kantsi kufika ekuseni kusho kucala kwelilanga lelilandzelako.
Ngako-ke, lomhlatjelo bewungadliwa kusihlwa nasebusuku ngalelo langa, kodvwa bewungeke uhlale kuze kuse. Lamagama ahambisana nekusebenta kwasekuseni njengemncele ngale kwawo sidzingo lesiphatselene “nalelo langa” besingasasebenti.
Lamagama asekela ngalokucondzile kucondza kutsi lilanga licala ekuseni ngasekuseni, lichubeke kuze kube kusihlwa, nasebusuku, bese liphela ekuseni.
Okungenani, letincenye tikhombisa kutsi ekuseni kungasebenta njenge . umncele welilanga, liphuzu lelihlukanisako emkhatsini welilanga linye nelinye lelilandzelako.
4. Eksodusi 16, iMana, kanye neMkhosi Wekucala Lowabhalwa Lisabatha .
Eksodusi 16 ngulenye yetincenye letibaluleke kakhulu tekufundza sikhatsi seliSabatha.
Bantfu babephuma onkhe emalanga ekuseni bayobutsa imana. Ngelilanga lesitfupha, babutsa lokuphindvwe kabili.
Mosi wabatjela kutsi:
Kusasa kuliSabatha lekuphumula, liSabatha lelingcwele kuSimakadze.
Bantfu bebakugcina kudla:
kuze kube sekuseni.
Ngemuva kwaloko, ekuseni, Mosi watsi:
Kudleni loko lamuhla, ngobe lamuhla liSabatha kuSimakadze.
Lendzaba lelandzisako yetfula lokulandzelana lokulandzelako:
Lilanga lesitfupha: butsani incenye lephindvwe kabili → Busuku budlula → Ekuseni → “Lamuhla” liSabatha .
Lena ngulenye yetincenye letibalulekile lapho Nkulunkulu, ngaMosi, afundzisa khona ema-Israyeli ngalokusemtsetfweni kutsi angaligcina njani liSabatha.
Kuyaphawuleka kutsi lesigaba asibhali kutsi Mosi amemetela ngekushona kwelilanga ngelilanga lesitfupha:
“LiSabatha selicalile nyalo.”
Esikhundleni saloko, ekuseni ngelilanga lelilandzelako, lilanga lesikhombisa lichazwa ngekutsi:
“Lamuhla liSabatha.”
Loku kuhambisana, futsi kungasekela, kubala lokusekelwe ekuseni, nanobe kungasho ngekwako sicalo lesicondzile seliSabatha.
5. Kuvalwa Kwemasango KwaNehemiya Akusho Ngekwako Kutsi LiSabatha Lacala Nakushona Lilanga .
Nehemiya 13:19 ubhala kutsi:
Kwatsi nasekucale kuba mnyama emasango aseJerusalema ngaphambi kwekutsi kufike liSabatha, ngakhipha umyalo wekutsi emasango avalwe futsi ngayala kutsi angavulwa kuze kube ngemuva kweliSabatha.
Lendzatjana ivame kusetjentiswa kute kufakazelwe kutsi liSabatha belicala nakushona lilanga.
Nobe kunjalo, lombhalo wona ngekwawo utsi:
ngaphambi kweliSabatha .
Nehemiya wavala emagede kusenesikhatsi, ngesikhatsi sekuba mnyama ngaphambi kweliSabatha. Loku kungacondzakala ngekwemvelo njengendlela yekuvikela yekuvimba batsengisi kutsi bangaletsi timphahla edolobheni ebusuku kute bakhone kuhweba ngelilanga lelilandzelako leliSabatha.
Ngako-ke:
Kuvala emasango ngesikhatsi sekuhwalala ≠ bufakazi bekutsi kuhwalala ngokwako bekusicalo seliSabatha .
Lesigaba sihambisana nencazelo yekucala kwekushona kwelilanga, kepha akusho ngekwako kutsi kushona kwelilanga bekungumncele welilanga.
6. Sikhatsi Sekungcwatjwa KweNkhosi Jesu Siphakamisa Umbuto Lobalulekile
Kungcwatjwa KweNkhosi Jesu: Kusihlwa Ngelilanga Lekulungiselela Nekusondzela KweliSabatha
Makho 15:42 ubhala kutsi:
“Kwatsi nasekuhlwile, ngobe bekulilanga lekulungiselela, lokusho kutsi lilanga langaphambi kweliSabatha...”
Kulandzelana kwetikhatsi kulelivesi kufanele kunakwe kahle.
Lombhalo usho ngalokucacile kutsi:
kusihlwa besekuvele kufikile .
nobe kunjalo sikhatsi lesifanako sisabitwa ngekutsi:
“Lilanga Lekulungiselela, lokusho lilanga langaphambi kweliSabatha.”
Ngalamanye emagama, ngekufundvwa kwemvelo kakhulu kwalendzaba lelandzisako, kusihlwa besekuvele kufikile, kepha bekusolo kulilanga lekulungiselela, futsi liSabatha belingakacali.
Josefa wase-Arimathiya wase uya kuPilatu wacela sidvumbu seNkhosi Jesu. Pilatu wamangala kutsi sewuvele ufile, ngako wabita indvuna yemasotja wambuta kutsi sekuphele sikhatsi yini afile. Ngemuva kwekutfola sicinisekiso kuphela lapho Pilatu asikhululela khona Josefa lesidumbu.
Bekusafanele kulandzelwe luchungechunge lwetinchubo tekungcwaba. Josefa bekudzingeka kutsi:
tsenga lineni lelihle → wehlisa sidvumbu → lungisa sidvumbu → usigocotele ngelineni → usibeke ethuneni lelijutjwe edwaleni → gicita litje emnyango
Johane 19:39–40 uphindze ubhale kutsi Nikhodemu weta nemire lenyenti ne-aloe, futsi ndzawonye:
walungisa sidvumbu saJesu ngaletinongo ngekwelisiko lemaJuda lekungcwaba.
Ngako-ke, kusukela ngesikhatsi lapho sekuvele kuhlwile futsi Josefa acala kuya kuPilatu kute ayocela sidvumbu, ngekubuta kwaPhilatu indvuna yemasotja, kukhululwa kwesidvumbu, kanye nekulungiselela lokuphelele kwekungcwatjwa lokwentiwa nguJosefa naNikhodemu, kufanele kutsi sekwendlule sikhatsi lesibalulekile.
Ngemuva kwekuchaza letintfo letenteka, Lukha 23:54 utsi:
“Lelo kwakulilanga leLilungiselelo, futsi liSabatha lase lisondzele.”
Liyaphawuleka kakhulu lelivesi.
Sento sesiGriki lesihunyushwe ngekutsi “besesondzela” ngu . ἐπέφωσκεν (epéphōsken), kusuka ἐπιφώσκω (epiphōskō). Leligama lihlobene nekuvela kwekukhanya, kucala kukhanya kwelilanga, nobe kusondzela kwekusa.
Ngako-ke, nangabe kucatshangelwa umcondvo losisekelo waleligama, kulandzisa kwaLukha kuphakamisa umbuto lobalulekile lokufanele uphenywe:
Kungcwatjwa kweNkhosi Jesu kwacala yini kusihlwa seLilanga Lekulungiselela, kwachubeka sikhatsi lesitsite ebusuku bonkhe, futsi kwaphela njengobe sekusondzela ekuseni, futsi liSabatha lelilanga lesikhombisa beselitawu ‘kusa’?
Nangabe kunjalo, kulandzelana kwetikhatsi bekutawuhambisana:
Lilanga Lekulungiselela emini: iNkhosi ibetselwe esiphambanweni → Kufika kusihlwa, noma kunjalo kusabitwa ngekutsi Lilanga Lekulungiselela → Josefa ucela sidvumbu → Josefa naNikhodemu balungisa futsi bangcwaba sidvumbu seNkhosi → LiSabatha liyasondzela
Lenchazelo ifanelwe kucatsaniswa nembono wesintfu wekutsi liSabatha lacala ngekushesha ngekushona kwelilanga ngaLesihlanu.
Makho usho ngalokucacile kutsi besekuvele kuhlwile ngesikhatsi lesikhatsi sisabitwa ngekutsi “Lilanga Lekulungiselela, lilanga langaphambi kweliSabatha.” Lukha, ngemuva kwekuchaza kungcwatjwa, ubese usebentisa sento lesihlobene nekukhanya nobe kucala kwelilanga kute achaze kutsi liSabatha lisondzela.
Kuliciniso kutsi wonkhe umbuto wekubalwa kweliSabatha angeke ucatululwe ngeligama linye lesiGriki . ἐπέφωσκεν yedvwa. Kusetjentiswa kwaleligama etimeni letehlukene kanye netindlela tekubala emalanga emkhatsini wemaJuda ngelikhulu lekucala kufanele nako kuhloliswe.
Noma kunjalo, nangabe letincenye letimbili tifundvwa ndzawonye, tiphakamisa umbuto lokungakafaneli ulahlwe kancane:
Nangabe liSabatha beselivele licalile ngekushesha ngemuva kwekushona kwelilanga ngaLesihlanu, kungani Makho, ngemuva kwekutsi atsi sekufike kusihlwa, asabita leso sikhatsi ngekutsi “Lilanga Lekulungiselela, lilanga langaphambi kweLisabatha”? Futsi kungani Lukha, ngasekupheleni kwekungcwatjwa, asebentisa sento lesihlobene nekukhanya nekusa kute achaze kusondzela kweliSabatha?
Ngako-ke, kulandzisa kwekungcwatjwa kweNkhosi Jesu kufanele kucatshangelwe kakhulu ekufundzeni kutsi liSabatha lacala kusihlwa yini nobe emini.
7. Matewu 28:1 : “Ngemuva kweLisabatha, Ngasekuseni Kwelilanga Lekucala”
Matewu 28:1 ngulesinye sigaba lesibaluleke kakhulu.
Emagama esiGriki achaza leso sikhatsi ngekutsi:
ngemuva kweliSabatha, njengobe ekuseni ngelilanga lekucala leviki.
Ngekuya kwekulandzelana kwetikhatsi kwemvelo kakhulu:
LiSabatha liphelile → Busuku lobungenelelako bufika emnceleni walo wasekuseni → Lilanga lekucala liyasa
Loku kuhambisana ngekwemvelo nekucondza kutsi lilanga lekucala licala ekuseni kakhulu.
Onkhe lamaVangeli lamane abhala kutsi labafati baya ethuneni ekuseni kakhulu ngelilanga lekucala leliviki.
Nangabe liSabatha beliphele ngalokuphelele ngekushona kwelilanga ngeMgcibelo, kungani labafati bangazange basheshe baye ethuneni ngeMgcibelo kusihlwa kunekutsi balindze kuze kube sekuseni kakhulu ngelilanga lekucala?
Umuntfu angaphendvula ngendlela lenengcondvo kutsi kuphepha, bumnyama, kukhanya, nobe lokunye lokusebentako kungachaza kubambezeleka. Ngako-ke, leliphuzu lodvwa alikhetsi.
Nanobe kunjalo, nangabe ifundvwa kanye naletinye tincenye, ihlala ibalulekile.
8. Johane 20:19 : “Ngalelolanga, Lilanga Lekucala Leliviki, Ntsambama”
Johane 20:19 ubhala kutsi:
“Bese, ngalelo langa kusihlwa, kuba lilanga lekucala leviki...”
Ngekusho kweluhlelo lwemaJuda lwakamuva lwekushona kwelilanga kuya ekushoneni kwelilanga, Lisontfo kusihlwa ngemuva kwekushona kwelilanga ngekwemcondvo bekutawuvele kube kwelilanga lesibili.
Nobe kunjalo Johane usatsi:
“ngalelo langa, lilanga lekucala leviki, kusihlwa.”
Loku lokungenani kukhombisa kutsi umbhali weliThestamente Lelisha bekangachaza kusihlwa lokulandzela lilanga njengalokusolo kungekwe “lilanga” lelifanako.
Kuliciniso kutsi labanye batoliki bacondza “lelo langa linye” njengekukhuluma nje ngekulandzisa ngelilanga lekuvuswa kunekutsi bakucondze njengenchazelo yekhalenda yebuchwephesha.
Ngako-ke, lesigaba sisetjentiswa kahle kanye nalobunye bufakazi kunekutsi sibe bufakazi kuphela.
9. Tincenye Telithestamente Lelisha Lapho “Lilanga Lelilandzelako” Lifika Ngemuva Kwakusihlwa Nobe Busuku .
LiThestamente Lelisha licuketse emaphethini lamanyenti lafanako ekulandisa.
Makho 11 ubhala kutsi bekufike kusihlwa, bese ukhuluma “ngelilanga lelilandzelako.”
Johane 6 ucala ngekutsi sekuhlwile futsi besekuvele kumnyama, futsi ngemuva kwaloko kuphela lapho akhuluma khona “ngelilanga lelilandzelako.”
Imisebenti 4 ibhala kutsi ngenca yekutsi besekuvele kuhlwile, baphostoli bavalelwa kwaze kwaba “lilanga lelilandzelako.”
Imisebenti 23 ichaza kutsi Pawula bekapheleketelwa ebusuku, futsi ngemuva kwaloko ibhekisela “ngelilanga lelilandzelako.”
Letindzaba letilandzisako akukafaneli tonkhe titsatfwe njengemafomula ekhalenda lacinile.
Nanobe kunjalo, bakhombisa kutsi:
kusihlwa nebusuku bekungatsatfwa ngekuzenzakalela babhali belibhayibheli njengesicalo selilanga lelilandzelako.
10. “Emahora Lalishumi Nakubili” Ekugcina Sikhatsi Lesisekelwe Emini Nesekuseni .
INkhosi Jesu yatsi:
“Akukho yini ema-awa lalishumi nakubili ngelilanga?”
— Johane 11:9 .
LiThestamente Lelisha livame kukhuluma ngeli-awa lesitsatfu, lesitfupha, nelesishiyagalolunye.
Ngaphansi kweluhlelo lwemaJuda lwekuhlukanisa kukhanya kwemini kube tincenye letilishumi nakubili:
li-awa lesitsatfu belicishe libe ngu-9:00 a.m.;
li-awa lesitfupha cishe emini;
li-awa lesishiyagalolunye cishe ngabo-3:00 p.m.
Loku kukhombisa kutsi kubalwa kwemini lokuvamile emhlabeni wasendvulo kwacala ngasekuseni nobe ekuphumeni kwelanga.
Kepha, umehluko lobalulekile kumele ugcinwe emkhatsini:
indzawo yekucala yekubala emahora lalishumi nakubili ekukhanya kwelilanga
futsi
umncele welilanga leliphelele lekhalenda lemahora langemashumi lamabili nakune
Loku lokubili akusho kutsi kufana.
Ngako-ke, lobufakazi bunganiketa kusekelwa kwemlandvo kwekuvisisa lokusekelwe ekuseni, kepha akukafaneli kusetjentiswe ngekwako kufakazela kutsi onkhe malanga kumele acale nga 6:00 a.m.
Kute kugcinwe lokusebentako lamuhla, kusebentisa cishe 6:00–7:00 a.m. sikhatsi lesijwayelekile sendzawo njengemncele wekusebenta kunganiketa luhlelo lolungagucuki, kepha kufanele kushiwo ngalokucacile kutsi loku:
indlela lesebentako yekucala kusebenta, hhayi umyalo welibhayibheli locacisa ngco 6:00 a.m.
11. Imini Nebusuku Kuhlala Kubuya Ngetikhatsi Tako Letibekiwe .
Jeremiya 33 unetitatimende letimbili letibalulekile letiphatselene nekuhleleka lokusungulwe nguNkulunkulu kwemini nebusuku.
Jeremiya 33:20 utsi:
“Naku lokushiwo nguSimakadze, utsi: “Naningakhona kwephula sivumelwane sami nemini nesivumelwane sami nebusuku, kuze kutsi imini nebusuku bungafiki ngesikhatsi sabo lesibekiwe...”
Jeremiya 33:25 uphindze akhulume nga:
Sivumelwano saNkulunkulu nemini nebusuku kanye nekuhleleka lokucinile kwelizulu nemhlaba.
Letindzima tichaza lilanga nebusuku njengetikhatsi letimbili letehlukene kodvwa letiphindzaphindvwako letibuswa nguNkulunkulu:
Lilanga lifika ngesikhatsi salo lesibekiwe → Busuku bufika ngesikhatsi salo lesibekiwe → Lilanga liyabuya futsi
Lokubhanca lokufanako kwemvelo kuvela ngekuphindzaphindza etinkhulumeni telibhayibheli letichaza tikhatsi letichubekako:
emalanga lamatsatfu nebusuku lobutsatfu — 1 Samuweli 30:12; Jona 1:17; Matewu 12:40;
emalanga lasikhombisa nebusuku lobusikhombisa — Jobe 2:13;
emalanga langemashumi lamane nebusuku lobungemashumi lamane — Genesisi 7:4, 12; Eksodusi 24:18; 34:28; Dutheronomi 9:9, 18; 1 Emakhosi 19:8; Matewu 4:2.
Kuletinkhulumo, “lilanga” ngalokuvamile lisho sikhatsi sekukhanya kantsi “busuku” busho sikhatsi sebumnyama. Bobabili bachaza kulandzelana lokungaphazamiseki kwemini nebusuku.
Iphethini lephindzaphindvwako yelibhayibheli ye . emalanga nebusuku ngako-ke kuhambisana nekulandzelana:
Kukhanya kwemini → Kusihlwa → Busuku → Kubuya kwekukhanya kwemini
Lobufakazi abusho, ngekwabo, umncele locondzile wetebuchwepheshe walo lonkhe lusuku lwekhalenda. Nobe kunjalo, liyakhombisa kutsi liBhayibheli liphindzaphindza likhuluma ngekukhanya kwemini nebusuku lobulandzelako njengetikhatsi letihambisanako ngekwemvelo nalichaza kuhamba kwemalanga laphelele.
Uma kucatshangelwa kanye naGenesisi 1, imitsetfo lephatselene naloko lokungakafaneli kuhlale kuze kube sekuseni, kanye naletinye tincenye letihlolwe kulolucwaningo, lephethini lephindzaphindvwako yemini nebusuku iniketa kusekelwa lokwengetiwe kwekuphenya kutsi ngabe kulandzelana kwelibhayibheli kungavisiseka njengemini lelandzelwa busuku, ngemjikeleto lolandzelako lokhonjwako lapho kukhanya kwemini kukhona khona.
12. Tingcoco Tekhalenda Betivele Tikhona Ngesikhatsi Sesibili Sethempeli .
Ekufundzeni emakhalenda emaJuda asendvulo, kufanele kukhunjulwe liciniso lelibalulekile lemlandvo:
Ema-Israyeli asendvulo akazange asebentise luhlelo lunye lwekhalenda lolungashintji kuwo wonkhe umlandvo wawo.
Incwadzi YemaJubili kanye nemasiko ekufundza ngetinkhanyenti lavetwa ku-1 Enoki agcizelela kakhulu ikhalenda yelanga lenemalanga langu-364.
Umnyaka lonemalanga langu-364 uhlanganisa ngco:
52 emaviki laphelele.
I- Jubilees 6 ize icwayise ngekutsi nangabe bantfu bancuma emalanga ngekubuka inyanga, imikhosi nemaSabatha angahle abe nekungahambi kahle.
Loku kukhombisa kutsi bekukhona timphikiswano letibalulekile tekhalenda ngaphakatsi kwemmango wemaJuda ngesikhatsi seLithempeli Lesibili.
Ngako-ke, ngisho nobe letinye tincenye letiku- Jubilees tikhombisa luhlelo lapho lilanga lelisha lacala khona ngemuva kwekushona kwelilanga, loku angeke kusetjentiswe ngendlela lebuyela emuva kufakazela kutsi:
“Loku bekuyindlela yaMosi yekucala.”
Ema Jubilees wona ngekwawo ngumsebenti wesikhatsi seLithempeli Lesibili futsi ukhombisa lisiko linye lelitsite ngaleso sikhatsi.
13. Letinye Tati Tesimanje TemaJuda Tiphindze Taphikisana Ngemncele Welilanga Lema-Israyeli Ekuseni .
Inani letati letibalulekile temaJuda ngelikhulu lemashumi lamabili lawuhlola lombuto.
Julian Morgenstern waphikisa watsi ema-Israyeli ekucala ake abala lilanga kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga nobe ekuseni kuya ekuphumeni kwelanga nobe ekuseni lokulandzelako, nekutsi luhlelo lwekushona kwelilanga kuya ekushoneni kwelilanga lwavela ngemuva kwesikhatsi.
Jakobe Z. waphakamisa umbono lofanako, waphikisa kutsi kubalwa kwelilanga kuma-Israyeli langaphambi kwekutfunjwa bekungafani neluhlelo lwaborabi lwakamuva, nekutsi leminye imikhuba yeLithempeli beyigcina simiso lesidzala lapho khona busuku bebulandzela lilanga lelingaphambilini.
PJ Hewudi waphindze wakhuluma ngekutsi kungenteka kutsi kube nemncele welilanga lasekuseni ngemitsetfo yemhlatjelo, Genesisi, kanye netincenye teLithestamente Lelisha.
Letifundvo atifakazeli kutsi imfundvo yesimanje ifinyelele esiphetfweni lesivumelanako.
Nobe kunjalo, tiyakhombisa kutsi:
umbono wekutsi kungenteka ekucaleni ema-Israyeli ekucala asebentisa umncele welilanga lasekuseni akusiko nje kusungulwa kwalamuhla lokute sibonelo setifundziswa.
Kuyintfo leseyiphakanyiswe ngalokusemtsetfweni futsi kwacocwa ngaso ekufundzeni kwetifundvo.
14. Kuhlupheka KweNkhosi kanye “Nelilanga Lesitsatfu”
Onkhe emaVangeli lamane aveta lilanga lekubethelwa kweNkhosi Jesu esiphambanweni ngekutsi:
lilanga lekulungiselela.
INkhosi yaphindze yabiketela ngekuphindzaphindza kutsi itawuvuka:
ngelilanga lesitsatfu.
KuLukha 24:21, ntambama ngelilanga lekucala leviki, labafundzi lababili lebebasendleleni leya e-Emawusi batsi:
“Lamuhla selilanga lesitsatfu kwenteka letintfo.”
Uma ngabe kubetselwa esiphambanweni kwenteka ngaLesihlanu:
Lesihlanu = lilanga lekucala
Umgcibelo = lilanga lesibili
Lisontfo = lilanga lesitsatfu
Loku kuvumelana ngekwemvelo nemavi latsi “wavuswa ngelilanga lesitsatfu.”
Ngako-ke, kute sidzingo sekutsi kubetselwa esiphambanweni kube nguLesine kute nje kulandziswe emavi latsi “emalanga lamatsatfu nebusuku lobutsatfu.”
15. “Emalanga Lamatsatfu Nebusuku Lobutsatfu Enhlitiyweni Yemhlaba” Akusho Ngekutsi “Ungcwatjwe Emalanga Lamatsatfu Nebusuku Lobutsatfu Laphelele”
Matewu 12:40 utsi:
“Kanjalo-ke iNdvodzana yeMuntfu iyawuhlala enhlitiyweni yemhlaba emalanga lamatsatfu nebusuku lobutsatfu.”
Lesisho kutsi:
“enhlitiyweni yemhlaba” .
kunekutsi kube nemagama lavamile latsi “ngekhatsi kwelithuna ngaphansi kwemhlabatsi.”
Ngesikhatsi iNkhosi iboshwa eGetsemane, yatsi:
“Lesi sikhatsi senu, nemandla ebumnyama.”
— Lukha 22:53 .
Ngako-ke, lenye inchazelo lekhonakalako yakamoya kutsi kusukela ngesikhatsi sekuboshwa kwakhe ngaLesine ebusuku, iNkhosi beseyivele ingene esikhatsini lapho beyibekwe ngaphansi kwemandla alelive kanye “nemandla ebumnyama.”
Ngaleyo ndlela:
NgeLwesine ebusuku
Emini ngaLesihlanu
NgaLesihlanu ebusuku
NgeMgcibelo emini
NgeMgcibelo ebusuku
NgeLisontfo ekuseni kakhulu ngasemini
kungabalwa ngekutsi:
busuku lobutsatfu kanye netikhatsi letintsatfu tasemini
ngesikhatsi iNkhosi isesekhona:
wabetselwa esiphambanweni ngaLesihlanu futsi wavuswa ngelilanga lesitsatfu, ngeLisontfo.
Lenchazelo ivumela kokubili “emalanga lamatsatfu nebusuku lobutsatfu” kanye “nekuvuswa ngelilanga lesitsatfu” kutsi kuhlale kuliciniso ngaphandle kwekushintja siphetho seliVangeli selilanga lekubethelwa esiphambanweni njengeLilanga Lekulungiselela.
16. Luhlaka Lwekucatsanisa Lwetinhlanganisela Letingaba Ngemashumi Lasikhombisa Nakubili
Uma letintfo letigucukako letilandzelako tihlelwe ngetinhlanganisela letehlukene:
noma ngabe lilanga lilandzela i busuku–mini noma imini–busuku kulandzelana;
kutsi ngabe iNkhosi yahlupheka ngelilanga lesine, lesihlanu, noma lesitfupha leliviki;
noma ngabe wavuka ebusuku belilanga lesikhombisa, emini yelilanga lesikhombisa, ebusuku belilanga lekucala, noma emini yelilanga lekucala;
nekutsi “emalanga lamatsatfu nebusuku lobutsatfu” abalwa kusukela ekungcwatjweni, ekufeni, nobe ekuboshweni;
ke linani leliphelele letinhlanganisela tetifundvo ngu:
2 × 3 × 4 × 3 = 72 ematfuba.
Letintfo letingenteka tingabese tihlolwa ngetimo letine tembhalo:
iNkhosi yavuka ngelilanga lesitsatfu;
Wahlala enhlitiyweni yemhlaba emalanga lamatsatfu nebusuku lobutsatfu;
ntambama yelilanga lekucala bekusolo kubitwa ngekutsi lilanga lesitsatfu;
kusihlwa kwelilanga lekubethelwa esiphambanweni bekusolo kubitwa ngekutsi Lilanga Lekulungiselela.
Loluhlaka lulithuluzi lekucatsanisa kunebufakazi betibalo, ngoba tintfo letigucukako tiyahumusha futsi atikhululekile. Ngaphakatsi kwekucabanga lokuhlolwe lapha, inhlanganisela lebonakala ivumela tonkhe timo letine ngekuhambisana kakhulu ngu:
Lilanga licala ngekutsi kube nemini; iNkhosi yaboshwa ngaLesine ebusuku; Wahlupheka ngaLesihlanu; Wavuka ekuseni kakhulu ngeLisontfo; futsi “emalanga lamatsatfu nebusuku lobutsatfu” abalwa kusukela ngesikhatsi angena emandleni ebumnyama ngaLesine ebusuku.
Lomphumela uhambisana kakhulu netiphetfo letitsatfwe etincenyeni letilandzelako.
17. Siphetfo .
Nakucatjangwa ndzawonye Genesisi, uMtsetfo waMosi, tincwadzi temlandvo, emaVangeli, letinye tindzaba letilandzisako teLithestamente Lelisha, tincwadzi teLithempeli Lesibili, kanye netifundvo tekubala kwekhalenda yemaJuda asendvulo, kuvela siphetfo lesifanele kutsi sicatjangelwe kakhulu:
Kute livesi eBhayibhelini lelisho ngalokucacile kutsi, “LiSabatha leliviki ngalinye kufanele ligcinwe ngaso sonkhe sikhatsi kusukela ekushoneni kwelanga ngaLesihlanu kuze kube sekushoneni kwelanga ngaMgcibelo.”
Ngalokwehlukile, tincenye letinyenti tetfula emaphethini lapho:
ekuseni kuthwala kubaluleka kwekucala kwelilanga lelisha; kukhanya kwemini kulandzelwa kusihlwa nebusuku, bese kuba sekuseni ngakusasa; ngemuva kwekutsi lilanga lesitfupha selidlule ebusuku, ekuseni lokulandzelako kubitwa ngekutsi “lamuhla, liSabatha”; futsi etindzabeni letitsite teLithestamente Lelisha, kusihlwa kusahlobene nelilanga lelifanako lelingaphambilini.
Umyalo waLevithikhusi 23 wekutsi kugujwe Lilanga Lekubuyisana “kusukela kusihlwa kuya kusihlwa” ngumtsetfo lokhetsekile walelo langa lelingcwele futsi akukafaneli, ngaphandle kwalobunye bufakazi, utsatfwe njengelilanga lemhlaba wonkhe . ifomula yemncele welilanga onkhe emaSabatha eliviki.
Ngako-ke, kungaphakanyiswa ngendlela lenengcondvo kutsi:
liSabatha lelilanga lesikhombisa lingacondzakala ngendlela lefanele njengalelifaka ekhatsi lonkhe lilanga lesikhombisa—kusukela ekucaleni kwemini yeMgcibelo, kuze kube nguMgcibelo kusihlwa nasebusuku, kuze kube ngulapho lilanga leLisontfo licala.
Ekugcineni lokusebentako lamuhla, ngoba tikhatsi tekuphuma kwelanga tiyahlukahluka ngekuya kwesikhatsi kanye ne latitude, futsi ngenca yekutsi letinye tifundza tihlangabetana netikhatsi letite kuphuma kwelanga lokujwayelekile noma kushona kwelanga, kusetjentiswa kwesikhatsi lesicishe sibe . 6:00–7:00 ekuseni sikhatsi lesijwayelekile sendzawo njengemncele losebentako unganiketa kuhambisana.
Nanobe kunjalo, lokubaluleke kakhulu akusiko kuphikisana ngemizuzu lembalwa nobe imizuzwane, kodvwa kucaphela kutsi:
liSabatha lilanga lesikhombisa lelibusiswe nguNkulunkulu.
Lesihlanu lilanga lekulungiselela, lapho khona emakholwa atilungiselela emtimbeni nasemoyeni kwemukela liSabatha. Kusukela ekucaleni kwekukhanya kwelilanga lesikhombisa kuze kube sekucaleni kwekukhanya kwelilanga lelilandzelako, bakhumbula kudalwa kwaNkulunkulu nekuhlengwa kwakhe, bajabulele kuphumula lakunikete ngaphansi kwemusa, futsi balindzele kuphumula kwaphakadze lokutako.
“Nangabe ujikisa lunyawo lwakho eSabatha, ekwenteni injabulo yakho ngelilanga lami lelingcwele, ubite liSabatha ngekutsi lijabule, lilanga lelingcwele laNkulunkulu lelihloniphekile, futsi umhloniphe, ungatenti tindlela takho, ungatfoli injabulo yakho, ungakhulumi emavi akho; emhlabatsini, futsi anidlise ngelifa laJakobe uyihlo, ngobe umlomo waNkulunkulu ukhulumile loko.”
— Isaya 58:13–14 .
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